Criminology has experienced tremendous growth
over the last few decades, which is evident, in part,
by the widespread popularity and increased
enrollment in criminology and criminal justice departments
at the undergraduate and graduate levels, both across the
United States and internationally. An evolutionary
paradigmatic shift has accompanied this criminological
surge in definitional, disciplinary, and pragmatic terms.
Though long identified as a leading sociological specialty
area, criminology has emerged as a stand-alone discipline
in its own right, one that continues to grow and is clearly
here to stay. Today, criminology remains inherently
theoretical but is also far more applied in focus and thus
more connected to the academic and practitioner concerns
of criminal justice and related professional service fields.
Contemporary criminology is also increasingly inter-
disciplinary and thus features a broad variety of ideological
orientations to and perspectives on the causes, effects, and
responses to crime.
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